78 articles - From Friday Sep 16 2022 to Friday Sep 23 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Gut |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Hepatology |
Steatosis, HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis & HBsAg seroclearance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatic steatosis was associated with an increased risk of HCC and cirrhosis among CHB patients, but with a higher chance of achieving a functional cure, highlighting the importance of identifying concomitant steatosis in CHB. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Oesophageal secretions reveal local food-specific antibody responses in eosinophilic oesophagitis. There is a distinct localised profile of immunoglobulins and food-specific antibodies found within oesophageal secretions in EoE. These findings expand our knowledge about the currently identified immune responses in EoE and suggest possible roles for multiple immunoglobulins and food-specific antibodies in the pathophysiology of EoE. |
Safety and efficacy of infliximab and corticosteroid therapy in checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis. High prednisolone dose at tapering was associated with increased mortality rate and a high incidence of infections and hospitalisations in patients with severe IMC. We suggest optimised infliximab treatment before escalation of steroid doses. |
The efficacy and safety of adding on or switching to peginterferon a-2b in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with long-term entecavir treatment: A multicentre randomised controlled trial. In CHB patients who achieved virological response with long-term ETV treatment, both adding on and switching to PEG-IFN therapy are alternative strategies to result in higher rates of HBeAg seroconversion and higher HBsAg reduction compared with continuous ETV monotherapy. Clinical trials registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( identifier ChiCTR-IPR-17012055). |
Validation of the Achalasia Patient-Reported Outcomes Questionnaire. The APRO is a reliable and valid measure of achalasia symptoms that addresses the limitations of existing questionnaires. Symptom anxiety and hypervigilance moderate the relationship between APRO and quality of life; 33% of patients with achalasia exhibit concerning patterns in symptom severity, anxiety and hypervigilance that may contribute to poorer outcomes. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Assessing the risk of further decompensation and survival in patients with cirrhosis with variceal bleeding as their first decompensation event. Despite a high incidence of further decompensation, 5-year survival of patients at this stage of cirrhosis is more than 80% across al etiologies in the absence of early further decompensation and active alcohol consumption. |
Humoral Immune Response and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Humoral immune response to COVID-19 immunization in children with IBD was robust, despite a high proportion of this pediatric cohort being treated with immunosuppressive agents. Severe vaccine-related AEs were rare. Overall, these findings provide a high level of reassurance that pediatric patients with IBD respond well and safely to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. |
Methanogens and Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria Guide Distinct Gut Microbe Profiles and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Subtypes. Our findings identify distinct gut microtypes linked to breath gas patterns in IBS-C and IBS-D subjects, driven by methanogens such as M. smithii and H2S producers such as Fusobacterium and Desulfovibrio spp, respectively. |
Patterns of Care Utilization and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance: Tracking Care Across the Pandemic. Outpatient utilization and HCC surveillance rates have rebounded but remain below baseline. Population-based approaches and specialty care for cirrhosis were associated with higher completion of HCC surveillance. |
Rapid and Sustained Symptom Relief in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Treated With Filgotinib: Data From the Phase 2b/3 SELECTION Trial. Patients in pMCS remission at weeks 10 and 58 had greater improvements in IBDQ score than those not in pMCS remission. CONCLUSIONS: Filgotinib 200 mg daily resulted in rapid and sustained improvements in both UC symptoms and HRQoL. |
Risk of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in patients with celiac disease: A population-based cohort study. DISCUSSIONAmong children with CD, JIA develops nearly 3 times as often as it does in the general population, and among adults with CD, RA occurs nearly 2 times as often. Clinicians caring for CD patients with joint symptoms should have a low threshold to evaluate for JIA or RA. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening Score Combined with Stool DNA Test Improves the Detection Rate for Colorectal Advanced Neoplasms. The APCS score combined with a stool DNA test significantly improved the detection of advanced colorectal advanced neoplasms, while limiting colonoscopy resource utilization. (Chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR-DDD-17011169). |
Bile duct colonization with Enterococcus sp. associates with disease progression in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. The novel association of biliary colonization by Enterococci with disease progression underlines the importance of microbiota-mucosal interplay for the pathogenesis of PSC. These results should stimulate further mechanistic studies on the role of microbiota in PSC and highlight potential new therapeutic targets for a disease without effective treatment options. |
Effectiveness and safety of colonic and capsule fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Cap-FMT using freeze dried capsules has a similar safety and effectiveness profile compared to colo-FMT, without the procedural risks of colonoscopy. While highly effective overall, patient selection is a key factor to optimizing FMT success. |
Esophageal Distensibility Defines Fibrostenotic Severity in Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Esophageal distensibility determined by EndoFLIP is a measure of fibrostenotic severity that can be used to clinically phenotype pediatric EoE. We propose parameters of DI<4.5 mm2/mmHg for defining esophageal rigidity in pediatric patients with EoE ages 9 years and older. |
Initial impact of national CRC screening on incidence and advanced colorectal cancer. Five years after the start of a nationwide CRC screening program, a decrease in stage II and IV CRC incidence was observed. Patients with screen-detected stage III and stage IV CRC had less extensive disease and improved survival compared to those with clinically-detected CRC. |
Using Natural Language Processing to Automatically Identify Dysplasia in Pathology Reports for Patients with Barrett's Esophagus. NLP yielded a high degree of sensitivity and accuracy for identifying dysplasia from diverse types of pathology reports for patients with BE. The application of this algorithm would facilitate research and clinical care in EMR system with text reports in large data repositories. |
| Gastroenterology |
Molecular markers of response to anti-PD1 therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. IFN-signaling and MHCII-related genes are key molecular features of HCCs responding to anti-PD1. A novel 11-gene signature predicts response in frontline aHCC - but not in patients pre-treated with TKIs. These results have to be confirmed in prospective studies and highlight the need for biopsies prior immunotherapy to identify biomarkers of response. |
Th17 cell-derived amphiregulin promotes colitis-associated intestinal fibrosis through activation of mTOR and MEK in intestinal myofibroblasts. These findings reveal that Th17-derived Areg promotes intestinal fibrotic responses in experimental colitis and human CD patients. Thereby, Areg might, serve as a potential therapeutic target for fibrosis in CD. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Incidence and Natural History of Gastric High-Grade Dysplasia in Patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome. Gastric HGD in FAP may be more common than previously appreciated. The natural history of HGD is variable, and most patients with HGD do not appear to progress to gastric cancer. |
| Gut |
Biopsy and blood-based molecular biomarker of inflammation in IBD. Transcriptionally based scores provide an alternative objective and deeper quantification of intestinal inflammation, which could augment current clinical assessments used for disease monitoring and have potential for predicting therapeutic response and patients at higher risk of disease flares. |
GATA4 and GATA6 loss-of-expression is associated with extinction of the classical programme and poor outcome in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. cooperate to maintain the classical phenotype. Our findings provide compelling rationale to assess their expression as biomarkers of poor prognosis and therapeutic response. |
Mass cytometry-based peripheral blood analysis as a novel tool for early detection of solid tumours: a multicentre study. Our study proved that the alterations of peripheral immune cell subsets could assist tumour detection, and provide a ready-to-use detection model for HCC and PDAC. |
Vessel and tissue recognition during third-space endoscopy using a deep learning algorithm. Applied to standardised video clips from third-space endoscopic procedures, the algorithm showed a mean vessel detection rate of 85% with a false-positive rate of 0.75/min. These performance statistics suggest a potential clinical benefit for procedure safety, time and also training. |
| Hepatology |
Combinatorial targeting of GPBAR1 and CYSLTR1 reveals a mechanistic role for bile acids and leukotrienes in drug induced liver injury. By genetic and pharmacological approaches, we demonstrated that GPBAR1 and CYSLTR1 mutually interact in development of DILI. A combinatorial approach designed to activate GPBAR1 while inhibiting CYSLTR1, reverses liver injury in models of DILI. |
Diagnostic and prognostic performance of urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin in patients with cirrhosis and AKI. uNGAL is an adequate biomarker for making differential diagnosis of AKI in cirrhosis and predicting the response to terlipressin and albumin in patients with HRS-AKI. In addition, it is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality. |
Glycemic burden and the risk of adverse hepatic outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B with type 2 diabetes. High glycemic burden was associated with HCC development and fibrosis progression among patients with CHB+T2D, highlighting the importance of glycemic control in reducing liver-related complications. |
Interleukin-33 facilitates liver regeneration through serotonin-involved gut-liver axis. Our study identified IL-33 is pro-regenerative in a non-injurious model of liver resection. The underlying mechanism involved IL-33/ST2-induced increase of serotonin release from enterochromaffin cells to portal blood and subsequent HTR2A/p70S6K activation in hepatocytes by serotonin. The findings implicate the potential of targeting IL-33/ST2/serotonin pathway to reduce the risk of post-hepatectomy liver failure and small-for-size syndrome. |
Melanoma Differentiation Associated Gene-9/Syndecan Binding Protein (MDA-9/SDCBP) Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Alb/MDA-9 is the first mouse model with MDA-9 overexpression in any tissue type. Our findings unravel a novel HCC-promoting role of MDA-9 mediated by NF- |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Global patterns of prescription pain medication usage in disorders of gut-brain interactions. 14.8% of patients globally with at least one diagnosis of DGBI were on prescription pain medications with wide geographic variation, about twice as many as their counterparts without a diagnosis of DGBI. Environmental, sociodemographic, and individual factors may influence clinicians to consider personalized, multimodal approaches to address pain in patients with DGBI. |
Using high resolution manometry impedance to diagnose upper esophageal sphincter and pharyngeal motor disorders. P-HRM-I can provide evidence for UES disorder based on pharyngeal pressurization patterns and abnormal findings for UES relaxation pressure, UES opening, and intrabolus pressure. Measuring pharyngeal contractility requires further optimization. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
Diet fuelling inflammatory bowel diseases: preclinical and clinical concepts. Establishing evidence-based dietary therapy for IBD does not only hold promise to avoid long-term immunosuppression, but to provide a widely accessible therapy at low cost. Identification of dietary culprits disturbing gut health also bears the potential to prevent IBD and allows informed decision making in food politics. |
| Hepatology |
| J Hepatol |
Immunobiology of the biliary tract system. Recent technological breakthroughs now permit spatiotemporal assessments of immune cells within distinct niches and have increased our understanding of immune cell tissue residency. In this review, a comprehensive overview of emerging knowledge on the immunobiology of the biliary tract system is provided, with a particular emphasis on the role of distinct immune cells in biliary disorders. |
Loss of liver function in chronic liver disease: an identity crisis. Moreover, we present compelling experimental evidence demonstrating that restoration of core TFs expression in a chronically injured liver can reset hepatocellular identity, improve function and ameliorate the organ's histology. The possibility of correcting the phenotype of severely damaged and malfunctional livers may open new therapeutic opportunities for patients with cirrhosis and advanced liver disease. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| J Hepatol |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| J Hepatol |